Software Testing is the process of testing a software application to verify that it behaves as desired, complies with requirements, and has no defects (bugs).

In short — it's ensuring that the software performs the task it should do and not what it should not do.

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Definition

Software Testing is the process of checking and ensuring that a software product or application:

Meets business and technical needs.

Is defect-free or error-free.

Functions as expected in all anticipated conditions.



Key Goals

Catch Defects — Find bugs or defects prior to release.

Ensure Quality — Guarantee that the software is working reliably and effectively.

Validate Requirements — Ensure the software satisfies user and business requirements.

Prevent Failure — Prevent expensive failure at production levels.



Software Testing Types

1. Manual Testing

Testing is done manually by humans without any automation tool.

Examples:

Exploratory Testing

Usability Testing

Ad-hoc Testing

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2. Automation Testing

Testing is done using software tools or scripts to accelerate and automate tests.